نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 علوم تربیتی/دانشگاه فرهنگیان علامه امینی تبریز/ایران
2 گروه آموزشی فیزیک/ دانشگاه پردیس علامه امینی تبریز/ ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
The Moon, as the Earth’s closest neighbor and the most important celestial body visible to humans, has played a fundamental role in shaping human calendar, cultural, scientific, and environmental systems. The lunar phase cycle, which results from the geometric interaction of the three-body system of the Moon-Earth-Sun, has formed the basis of lunar chronology in ancient civilizations and the cultural and religious structures of various societies. This article, with an astronomical-analytical and educational approach, examines in detail the phases of the Moon, the concepts of phase angle, elongation, squaring, trine, conjunction, and opposition, and explains their role in determining lunar months, crescent visibility, and observational calculations. In addition, the emergence and evolution of lunar calendars in the civilizations of Mesopotamia, Egypt, China, and Iran, and the formation of the Hijri lunar calendar are discussed.In another part of the article, types of lunar, lunisolar and arithmetic chronology are introduced and their implementation challenges are examined. Concepts such as the transitory motion of the moon, gravitational lock, perigee, apogee, supermoon and micromoon are also analyzed based on astronomical data. From an educational perspective, the article shows that lunar phenomena, especially the lunar cycle, provide a valuable opportunity for designing teaching-learning units based on the STSE approach; an approach in which the relationship between science, history, technology, culture and environment is simultaneously considered, and studying lunar cycles according to this approach shows us a new perspective in the field of teaching and learning.
The findings indicate that using the natural phenomena of the moon by designing this educational unit in science education can increase conceptual understanding, promote astronomical literacy, strengthen critical thinking, and link learners' personal experiences with scientific concepts.The scientific study of the Moon and its effects on Earth is a key concept in astronomy, which can be used to suit the needs of various matters, and as a scientific aspect of this approach, it is both a concept for planning in life and a concept for teaching scientists. In addition, the use of this approach allows educators to use natural phenomena such as the Moon as a platform for developing critical thinking, observation skills, data analysis, and understanding the relationship between science, technology, and society.Technology and engineering are the first words in the progress of any country in today's era. In the field of understanding celestial bodies and their mutual effects on each other, one can achieve sciences that will result in astronomical inventions and related technologies in this field, which can pave the way for advancement and growth in different societies, and gradually, the capacity of human beings working in this field can be utilized to further advance these technologies.Different cultures and societies always plan their lives based on the laws that govern objects and their relationships. This influence can be in different states of the day and night, daily dates and times, occurrence of celestial phenomena, gravity, etc. For example, the Hijri-Lunar calendar is a clear example of modeling the movement of the moon around the Earth, based on which the history of some countries and events related to it are recorded.The environment and the various creatures that live in it have a mutual influence on each other. Destructive actions in the environment have the same reciprocal effect on the earth. As a result, deviation from the laws of nature leads to disastrous consequences. The same applies to celestial bodies. The various effects of the moon on the earth, such as tides and their balance and gravitational relationship, are important examples in relation to the environment, and educational design can be a solution in this regard.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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